Free WAEC GCE Crop Husbandry and Horticulture 2025 Questions and Answers

Free WAEC GCE Crop Husbandry and Horticulture 2025 Questions and Answers | Thursday, 18th December, 2025

The WAEC GCE Crop Husbandry and Horticulture 2025 Examination is officially scheduled for Thursday, 18th December, 2025. Candidates will take the Essay, Objective, and Alternative to Practical Work papers on the same day.

This article provides Free WAEC GCE Crop Husbandry and Horticulture 2025 Questions and Answers, detailed syllabus coverage, sample past questions, and essential exam tips.

 Crop Husbandry and Horticulture 2 (Essay) – 2hrs – 08:30 hrs – 10:30 hrs
 Crop Husbandry and Horticulture 1 (Objective) – 1hr – 10:30 hrs – 11:30 hrs
 Crop Husbandry and Horticulture 3 (Alternative to Practical Work) – 2hrs – 13:00 hrs – 15:00 hrs

Overview of WAEC GCE Crop Husbandry and Horticulture 2025

Crop Husbandry and Horticulture is one of WAEC’s agricultural science-based vocational subjects designed to equip candidates with practical knowledge of crop production, garden management, and the cultivation of fruits, vegetables, and ornamental plants.

It aims to:

• Develop understanding of crop production techniques and management.

• Encourage interest in sustainable agriculture and food production.

• Promote entrepreneurship through horticultural and crop-based enterprises.

• Provide scientific and practical knowledge for further agricultural studies.

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WAEC GCE Crop Husbandry and Horticulture 2025 Timetable

Candidates are expected to prepare thoroughly for all three components as each contributes significantly to their final grade.

WAEC GCE Crop Husbandry and Horticulture 2025 Syllabus

The WAEC GCE Crop Husbandry and Horticulture 2025 syllabus covers both theoretical and practical aspects of crop science and horticultural practices. The major areas include:

1. Introduction to Crop Husbandry and Horticulture

2. Classification and Importance of Crops

3. Soil Management and Fertility

4. Crop Propagation Methods

5. Cultural Practices in Crop Production

6. Crop Protection and Pest Control

7. Harvesting and Post-Harvest Practices

8. Vegetable and Fruit Production

9. Flower and Ornamental Plant Production

10. Farm Tools, Equipment, and Safety

11. Weed Management and Control

12. Nursery Establishment and Transplanting Techniques

13. Agricultural Entrepreneurship and Record Keeping

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Sample WAEC GCE Crop Husbandry and Horticulture 2025 Questions and Answers

Question 1: Define Crop Husbandry and Explain Its Importance.

Answer:
Crop Husbandry is the branch of agriculture that deals with the cultivation and management of crops for food, fiber, and raw materials.

Importance:

• Provides food and raw materials for industries.

• Creates employment opportunities in farming and processing sectors.

• Improves rural livelihoods and promotes agricultural development.

• Encourages self-reliance and food security in society.

Question 2: What Is Horticulture? State Four Branches of Horticulture.

Answer:
Horticulture is the science and art of cultivating fruits, vegetables, flowers, and ornamental plants for human consumption and aesthetic purposes.

Branches:

1. Pomology – Fruit production.

2. Olericulture – Vegetable production.

3. Floriculture – Flower and ornamental plant cultivation.

4. Landscape Gardening – Designing and maintaining outdoor green spaces.

Question 3: List Five Factors Affecting Crop Growth.

Answer:

1. Soil Type and Fertility – Determines the nutrients available for plant growth.

2. Climate Conditions – Temperature, rainfall, and sunlight influence productivity.

3. Pest and Disease Incidence – Can reduce yield if not controlled.

4. Cultural Practices – Proper weeding, pruning, and spacing improve growth.

5. Water Supply – Adequate irrigation enhances healthy crop development.

Question 4: Describe Three Methods of Crop Propagation.

Answer:

1. Seed Propagation: Growing plants from seeds (sexual reproduction).

2. Cutting: Growing new plants from stems, leaves, or roots (asexual reproduction).

3. Grafting: Joining two plant parts to grow as one (used in fruit trees).

Each method has its advantages depending on the type of crop and purpose.

Question 5: Explain Five Soil Management Practices That Improve Crop Production.

Answer:

1. Crop Rotation: Alternating crops to maintain soil fertility.

2. Mulching: Conserves soil moisture and prevents weed growth.

3. Organic Manuring: Adds nutrients and improves soil structure.

4. Cover Cropping: Protects the soil from erosion.

5. Irrigation: Supplies water during dry periods for continuous growth.

Good soil management ensures sustainable crop productivity.

Question 6: State Four Common Pests of Field Crops and Their Control Measures.

Answer:

Effective pest control promotes high-quality yield and minimizes loss.

Question 7: Discuss Five Steps Involved in Crop Harvesting and Post-Harvest Handling.

Answer:

1. Maturity Determination: Harvest crops when fully mature.

2. Harvesting: Use appropriate tools to prevent damage.

3. Sorting: Separate good produce from bad ones.

4. Packaging: Use suitable materials for transportation.

5. Storage: Keep under appropriate conditions to prevent spoilage.

Proper post-harvest management ensures quality and market value.

Question 8: Explain the Importance of Horticultural Crops in the Economy.

Answer:

• Provides income for farmers through sales of fruits, vegetables, and flowers.

• Encourages agro-industrial development (fruit juices, canned foods).

• Enhances environmental beauty through landscaping.

• Improves public health by providing vitamins and minerals.

• Promotes export earnings and foreign exchange.

Question 9: Mention Five Tools Used in Horticulture and Their Uses.

Answer:

Proper tool maintenance ensures safety and efficiency on the farm.

Practical Component (Alternative to Practical Work)

The Paper 3 (Alternative to Practical Work) focuses on hands-on skills and interpretation of agricultural data. Common areas include:

• Identification of crop pests, diseases, and tools.

• Preparation of nursery beds and transplanting.

• Compost preparation and manure application.

• Record keeping and farm budgeting.

• Measurement of crop yield and growth parameters.

Candidates should practice drawing and labeling tools, describing crop samples, and explaining cultural practices.

Tips to Pass WAEC GCE Crop Husbandry and Horticulture 2025

1. Understand the Syllabus: Cover all theoretical and practical topics.

2. Study with Diagrams: Learn to draw and label farm tools and plant parts.

3. Use Past Questions: Identify common trends and recurring questions.

4. Master Key Definitions: Many essay questions test conceptual understanding.

5. Be Time Conscious: Allocate time wisely during the exam.

6. Revise Regularly: Continuous revision prevents last-minute panic.

Common Mistakes to Avoid

• Ignoring the practical aspects of the syllabus.

• Poor labeling in diagrams.

• Skipping key subtopics like post-harvest handling.

• Not practicing past WAEC marking guides.

• Incomplete answers in essay questions.

Career Opportunities in Crop Husbandry and Horticulture

Students with a strong background in this subject can build careers in:

• Agricultural Extension Services

• Horticultural and Landscape Design

• Agribusiness and Farm Management

• Agricultural Research and Education

• Agro-processing and Food Preservation

• Environmental Conservation and Greenhouse Farming

These fields are crucial for promoting food security and sustainable agriculture.

Recommended Study Materials

• Essential Agricultural Science by O.A. Iwena

• WAEC GCE Past Questions (2015–2024 editions)

• Principles of Crop Production by A. O. Ayodele

• Introduction to Horticulture by M.A. Adesina

• YouTube agricultural tutorial channels for visual learning

Final Preparation Checklist

 Study past WAEC GCE Crop Husbandry and Horticulture papers.
 Revise soil management and crop propagation techniques.
 Practice identifying farm tools and crop pests.
 Prepare neatly labeled diagrams.
 Rest well before exam day to stay alert and focused.

Conclusion

The WAEC GCE Crop Husbandry and Horticulture 2025 Questions and Answers provided in this article are meant to guide candidates toward academic excellence. The examination on Thursday, 18th December, 2025 will test both theoretical knowledge and practical application skills.

By following the syllabus, studying diligently, and understanding the questions’ demands, you can confidently secure top grades in this subject. Agriculture is not only an exam topic — it’s a key to sustainable growth, entrepreneurship, and food security.